Home » Modeling » EMF » ID problems: blanks in ID and unset int fields
| ID problems: blanks in ID and unset int fields [message #415756] |
Fri, 04 January 2008 20:53  |
 Philipp Kutter
Messages: 306
Registered: July 2009 |
Senior Member |
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
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Hi.
I had a 2 day modeling session with a client, and to my surprise, the
fact that one can define an ID, and have the references look nice was
one of the most important things for them. It seems business oriented
clients like easy to read XML formats.
I thus started to use the feature with them, and we run into problems.
These are the problems I detected:
- spaces in String-ID attributes let the editor crash
- an int-ID attribute which is unset (but which displays as 0 in the
editor...) create not a reference to 0, but the usual positional reference.
- ID attributes which are many do crash too.
Last but not least, I do not understand why I can select a set of
features for the eKeys() but only one ID. The main purpose of the ID
feature in my opinion is to create clean unique business keys. Such
keys are typically composed from several fields, not only one.
I attach an example project, where all that I told can be repeated. Its
standard EMF usage, EMF 2.4, Eclipse 3.4M4. I attach as well a screenshot
of the model.
Best, Philipp
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| Re: ID problems: blanks in ID and unset int fields [message #415761 is a reply to message #415756] |
Fri, 04 January 2008 21:38  |
Ed Merks
Messages: 33216
Registered: July 2009 |
Senior Member |
|
|
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
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Philipp,
Comments below.
Philipp W. Kutter wrote:
> Hi.
> I had a 2 day modeling session with a client, and to my surprise, the
> fact that one can define an ID, and have the references look nice was
> one of the most important things for them. It seems business oriented
> clients like easy to read XML formats.
I'm not surprised at all. Some folks are obsessed with the prettiness
of XML, which seems almost an oxymoron... You say my blog about
improvements for substitution group handling to avoid those frightening
xsi:type attributes?
http://ed-merks.blogspot.com/2007/12/winters-icy-grip.html
>
>
> I thus started to use the feature with them, and we run into problems.
>
> These are the problems I detected:
>
> - spaces in String-ID attributes let the editor crash
Yep. XML Schema doesn't allow spaces in attributes. If you serialize
using hrefs, EMF tolerates the, but their best avoided. Note that you
could define an EDataType that wraps java.lang.String and encode spaces
some other way (and of course decode them as well) to allow you to use a
value with spaces as an ID...
>
> - an int-ID attribute which is unset (but which displays as 0 in the
> editor...) create not a reference to 0, but the usual positional
> reference.
Well, int's aren't valid XML Schema IDs either. Again, they are
tolerated. In any case, when an ID isn't set, it won't be used, so be
sure to set them.
>
> - ID attributes which are many do crash too.
I'm not sure what such a thing would mean...
>
>
>
> Last but not least, I do not understand why I can select a set of
> features for the eKeys() but only one ID.
Because a key specifies that the indicated features much unique identify
the object with regard to this particular reference only. That's why
they are specified for the reference and not directly on the type.
> The main purpose of the ID
> feature in my opinion is to create clean unique business keys. Such
> keys are typically composed from several fields, not only one.
Yes and you can define a derived ID that's computed by composing other
values. But in XML Schema as well, you'll find it only allows you to
defined one attribute of type ID. That's the design we are mirroring.
>
> I attach an example project, where all that I told can be repeated. Its
> standard EMF usage, EMF 2.4, Eclipse 3.4M4. I attach as well a screenshot
> of the model.
The only one that I'd consider defining a constraint for is a
multi-valued ID. I don't think that make sense.
>
> Best, Philipp
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------
>
--------------080201050904000408060105
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boundary="------------070707030809070201040100"
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta content="text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1" http-equiv="Content-Type">
</head>
<body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000">
Philipp,<br>
<br>
Comments below.<br>
<br>
Philipp W. Kutter wrote:
<blockquote cite="mid:flm6c2$566$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite">Hi.
<br>
I had a 2 day modeling session with a client, and to my surprise, the
<br>
fact that one can define an ID, and have the references look nice was
<br>
one of the most important things for them. It seems business oriented
<br>
clients like easy to read XML formats.
<br>
</blockquote>
I'm not surprised at all. Some folks are obsessed with the prettiness
of XML, which seems almost an oxymoron... You say my blog about
improvements for substitution group handling to avoid those frightening
xsi:type attributes?<br>
<blockquote><a
href="http://ed-merks.blogspot.com/2007/12/winters-icy-grip.html">http://ed-merks.blogspot.com/2007/12/winters-icy-grip.html</a><br>
</blockquote>
<blockquote cite="mid:flm6c2$566$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<br>
I thus started to use the feature with them, and we run into problems.
<br>
<br>
These are the problems I detected:
<br>
<br>
- spaces in String-ID attributes let the editor crash
<br>
</blockquote>
Yep. XML Schema doesn't allow spaces in attributes. If you serialize
using hrefs, EMF tolerates the, but their best avoided. Note that you
could define an EDataType that wraps java.lang.String and encode spaces
some other way (and of course decode them as well) to allow you to use
a value with spaces as an ID...<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flm6c2$566$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
- an int-ID attribute which is unset (but which displays as 0 in the
editor...) create not a reference to 0, but the usual positional
reference.
<br>
</blockquote>
Well, int's aren't valid XML Schema IDs either. Again, they are
tolerated. In any case, when an ID isn't set, it won't be used, so be
sure to set them.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flm6c2$566$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
- ID attributes which are many do crash too.
<br>
</blockquote>
I'm not sure what such a thing would mean...<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flm6c2$566$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<br>
<br>
Last but not least, I do not understand why I can select a set of
features for the eKeys() but only one ID. </blockquote>
Because a key specifies that the indicated features much unique
identify the object with regard to this particular reference only.
That's why they are specified for the reference and not directly on the
type.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flm6c2$566$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite">The
main purpose of the ID
<br>
feature in my opinion is to create clean unique business keys. Such
<br>
keys are typically composed from several fields, not only one.
<br>
</blockquote>
Yes and you can define a derived ID that's computed by composing other
values. But in XML Schema as well, you'll find it only allows you to
defined one attribute of type ID. That's the design we are mirroring.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flm6c2$566$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
I attach an example project, where all that I told can be repeated. Its
<br>
standard EMF usage, EMF 2.4, Eclipse 3.4M4. I attach as well a
screenshot
<br>
of the model.
<br>
</blockquote>
The only one that I'd consider defining a constraint for is a
multi-valued ID. I don't think that make sense.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flm6c2$566$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
Best, Philipp
<br>
<br>
<hr size="4" width="90%"><br>
<center><img src="cid:part1.05070208.09020308@ca.ibm.com"></center>
</blockquote>
<br>
</body>
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d4nmnl8uJVRN0js21FVR
Ed Merks
Professional Support: https://www.macromodeling.com/
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| Re: ID problems: blanks in ID and unset int fields [message #415766 is a reply to message #415761] |
Fri, 04 January 2008 22:35 |
Philipp Kutter
Messages: 306
Registered: July 2009 |
Senior Member |
|
|
>> I had a 2 day modeling session with a client, and to my surprise, the
>> fact that one can define an ID, and have the references look nice was
>> one of the most important things for them. It seems business oriented
>> clients like easy to read XML formats.
> I'm not surprised at all. Some folks are obsessed with the prettiness
> of XML, which seems almost an oxymoron...
My client invested a huge amount of money in an XML based Cobol
framework.. thus XML is all they have ;-)
> You say my blog about
> improvements for substitution group handling to avoid those frightening
> xsi:type attributes?
>
> http://ed-merks.blogspot.com/2007/12/winters-icy-grip.html
>
I looked through it, and I want to use it. From the text I read that I
have to change the code. I'd prefer to have an option in the genmodel,
but I will go through it again and change my templates.
By the way, do you have an idea how references in the generated XML
Schema can be made typed? This would be very beautiful. The currend
anyURI together with the ECore annotation just does not show up in an
XSD editor..
>> I thus started to use the feature with them, and we run into problems.
>>
>> These are the problems I detected:
>>
>> - spaces in String-ID attributes let the editor crash
> Yep. XML Schema doesn't allow spaces in attributes. If you serialize
> using hrefs, EMF tolerates the, but their best avoided. Note that you
> could define an EDataType that wraps java.lang.String and encode spaces
> some other way (and of course decode them as well) to allow you to use a
> value with spaces as an ID...
Hmm, but where is the relation to XML Schema? In my example project, I
just define a string as ID, and then stuff crashes.
Would we not need an EDataType that wraps String and disalows spaces,
and then only string-attributes with this EDataType can be implemented
as XML attributes, the others need an element?
>> - an int-ID attribute which is unset (but which displays as 0 in the
>> editor...) create not a reference to 0, but the usual positional
>> reference.
> Well, int's aren't valid XML Schema IDs either. Again, they are
> tolerated. In any case, when an ID isn't set, it won't be used, so be
> sure to set them.
Hmmm.
>>
>> - ID attributes which are many do crash too.
> I'm not sure what such a thing would mean...
Just that the unique ID of your class is a list of strings or integers.
>> Last but not least, I do not understand why I can select a set of
>> features for the eKeys() but only one ID.
> Because a key specifies that the indicated features much unique identify
> the object with regard to this particular reference only. That's why
> they are specified for the reference and not directly on the type.
Agree, you explained this before. But this does not mean we cannot have
several ID features. Their combination makes the ID.
>> The main purpose of the ID
>> feature in my opinion is to create clean unique business keys. Such
>> keys are typically composed from several fields, not only one.
> Yes and you can define a derived ID that's computed by composing other
> values. But in XML Schema as well, you'll find it only allows you to
> defined one attribute of type ID. That's the design we are mirroring.
I see, thus ID is an XML Schema ID, and not a primary key.
Would it not make much more sense to use the ID feature to define
primary keys, and then if they do not follow all the restrictions of
XML, they are just not declared as XML ID??
>> I attach an example project, where all that I told can be repeated. Its
>> standard EMF usage, EMF 2.4, Eclipse 3.4M4. I attach as well a screenshot
>> of the model.
> The only one that I'd consider defining a constraint for is a
> multi-valued ID. I don't think that make sense.
I think the question is, whether ID means an XML Schema ID (thus
something platform specific), or whether it means the concept of id,
like a primary key.
In the first case, all you tell me is true and understandable. But, you
have an option, which is platform specific in the .ecore
The eKeys() for
instance is not platform specific, its conceptually clear, it gives the
keys for a reference, and only all the objects reached by this reference
must have unique keys. It corresponds somehow to a map.
Your ID feature on the otherhand, although it seems to be a clear
concept (primary key), it is just a way how to tweak the XML
serialization. As it is now, it could as well go into an annotation,
like the numerous XSD annotations that already exist.
Are you strictly against making the features with ID=true to a real
primary key?
Having the option to define primary keys would be a great benefit for
all frameworks connecting with a DB and for the integration with DTP.
Best, Philipp
>>
>> Best, Philipp
>>
>> ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------
>>
>
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| Re: ID problems: blanks in ID and unset int fields [message #415768 is a reply to message #415756] |
Sat, 05 January 2008 08:45 |
|
Hi Philipp,
I stumbled across your words "clean unique business keys". I'm not sure
if I should really dare to start a discussion about the best nature of
primary keys here. I believe this discussion is ongoing in the database
area for over 25 years now with many articles like the following:
-
http://www.smart-it-consulting.com/database/progress-databas e-design-guide/
- http://tonymarston.co.uk/php-mysql/technicalkeys.html
- http://www.agiledata.org/essays/keys.html
Personally I believe that in many situations a technical primary key is
better. But without knowing details about a concrete scenario this is
only "my general strategy". And of course most customers have their own
key religion anyway ;-)
At least with a read-only (derived, generated) technical primary key you
can easily guarantee that a business user doesn't change the primary key
by changing business data.
Regards,
Eike Stepper
----
http://wiki.eclipse.org/CDO
http://wiki.eclipse.org/Net4j
Philipp W. Kutter schrieb:
> Hi.
> I had a 2 day modeling session with a client, and to my surprise, the
> fact that one can define an ID, and have the references look nice was
> one of the most important things for them. It seems business oriented
> clients like easy to read XML formats.
>
>
> I thus started to use the feature with them, and we run into problems.
>
> These are the problems I detected:
>
> - spaces in String-ID attributes let the editor crash
>
> - an int-ID attribute which is unset (but which displays as 0 in the
> editor...) create not a reference to 0, but the usual positional
> reference.
>
> - ID attributes which are many do crash too.
>
>
>
> Last but not least, I do not understand why I can select a set of
> features for the eKeys() but only one ID. The main purpose of the ID
> feature in my opinion is to create clean unique business keys. Such
> keys are typically composed from several fields, not only one.
>
> I attach an example project, where all that I told can be repeated. Its
> standard EMF usage, EMF 2.4, Eclipse 3.4M4. I attach as well a screenshot
> of the model.
>
> Best, Philipp
Cheers
/Eike
----
http://www.esc-net.de
http://thegordian.blogspot.com
http://twitter.com/eikestepper
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| Re: ID problems: blanks in ID and unset int fields [message #415769 is a reply to message #415766] |
Sat, 05 January 2008 12:15 |
Ed Merks
Messages: 33216
Registered: July 2009 |
Senior Member |
|
|
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------080506070701080102010200
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Philipp,
Comments below.
Philipp W. Kutter wrote:
>
>>> I had a 2 day modeling session with a client, and to my surprise, the
>>> fact that one can define an ID, and have the references look nice was
>>> one of the most important things for them. It seems business oriented
>>> clients like easy to read XML formats.
>> I'm not surprised at all. Some folks are obsessed with the
>> prettiness of XML, which seems almost an oxymoron...
>
> My client invested a huge amount of money in an XML based Cobol
> framework.. thus XML is all they have ;-)
I wonder if your clients who apparently have a huge amount of money know
they can donate huge or small amounts of it to Eclipse. :-P
<http://www.eclipse.org/donate/donorlist.php>
http://www.eclipse.org/donate/donorlist.php
>
>
> > You say my blog about
>> improvements for substitution group handling to avoid those
>> frightening xsi:type attributes?
>>
>> http://ed-merks.blogspot.com/2007/12/winters-icy-grip.html
>>
> I looked through it, and I want to use it. From the text I read that I
> have to change the code. I'd prefer to have an option in the genmodel,
> but I will go through it again and change my templates.
Mostly it's just annotations in the XSD. I suppose you mean adding the
save option to the generated factory, but there are just so many options
for the load and save support that starting to provide individual
generator control over them seems too big an undertaking...
>
> By the way, do you have an idea how references in the generated XML
> Schema can be made typed? This would be very beautiful. The currend
> anyURI together with the ECore annotation just does not show up in an
> XSD editor..
You mean a nice XSD editor for editing annotations? I suppose every
editor should support that, but annotations are entirely free form so
it's most just DOM editing. I imagine an Eclipse editor could support
an extension support with nice wizards or some other mechanism for
defining specific types of well structured annotations (kind of like
what we want to do for Ecore itself but didn't get around to yet).
>
>>> I thus started to use the feature with them, and we run into problems.
>>>
>>> These are the problems I detected:
>>>
>>> - spaces in String-ID attributes let the editor crash
>> Yep. XML Schema doesn't allow spaces in attributes. If you
>> serialize using hrefs, EMF tolerates the, but their best avoided.
>> Note that you could define an EDataType that wraps java.lang.String
>> and encode spaces some other way (and of course decode them as well)
>> to allow you to use a value with spaces as an ID...
>
> Hmm, but where is the relation to XML Schema? In my example project, I
> just define a string as ID, and then stuff crashes.
The EAttribute's ID support was added purely as an analog to XML
Schema's xsd:ID and from an XML serialization perspective, the same
types of restrictions apply. But of course XML is not necessarily the
only form of serialization and not in all cases will spaces in the ID
cause a problem for the reference, so I'd be reluctant to try to treat
such things purely as an error during validation. If you use the
XMLTypePackage's ID type, then the constraint that it must be a well
formed XML Schema ID will be enforced.
>
> Would we not need an EDataType that wraps String and disalows spaces,
> and then only string-attributes with this EDataType can be implemented
> as XML attributes, the others need an element?
That's one way yes, and the XMLTypePackage has such a type. But if your
client wants to use a field who's values can contain spaces and still
wants to use those to create IDREFS then the approach of encode and
decode would work quite nicely.
>
>>> - an int-ID attribute which is unset (but which displays as 0 in the
>>> editor...) create not a reference to 0, but the usual positional
>>> reference.
>> Well, int's aren't valid XML Schema IDs either. Again, they are
>> tolerated. In any case, when an ID isn't set, it won't be used, so
>> be sure to set them.
>
> Hmmm.
The rules for ID are the same as NCName, i.e., if you can't use it as an
element name you can't use it as an ID.
>
>>>
>>> - ID attributes which are many do crash too.
>> I'm not sure what such a thing would mean...
>
> Just that the unique ID of your class is a list of strings or integers.
Yes, more of a composed thing yet again. The problem is representing
such thing as a string, which you'd normally do with a space separated
list, but of course that's not going to work nicely.
>
>
>
>>> Last but not least, I do not understand why I can select a set of
>>> features for the eKeys() but only one ID.
>> Because a key specifies that the indicated features much unique
>> identify the object with regard to this particular reference only.
>> That's why they are specified for the reference and not directly on
>> the type.
>
> Agree, you explained this before. But this does not mean we cannot have
> several ID features. Their combination makes the ID.
XML Schema doesn't allow that an I'm not keen on introducing such
additional complexity. You'll have to define a derived feature and
compose the value in whatever way is appropriate for the data types
involved.
>
>>> The main purpose of the ID
>>> feature in my opinion is to create clean unique business keys. Such
>>> keys are typically composed from several fields, not only one.
>> Yes and you can define a derived ID that's computed by composing
>> other values. But in XML Schema as well, you'll find it only allows
>> you to defined one attribute of type ID. That's the design we are
>> mirroring.
>
> I see, thus ID is an XML Schema ID, and not a primary key.
I'm not so database literate. I understand that a primary key is one or
more columns in a table that uniquely identify a row in the table. Thus
different tables could have the same primary key, if such a statement
makes sense since columns are not shared across tables. In that sense,
the name of the table along with the primary key within the tabl does
act very much like a unique ID within the database.
>
> Would it not make much more sense to use the ID feature to define
> primary keys, and then if they do not follow all the restrictions of
> XML, they are just not declared as XML ID??
Primary key is a database concept. I'm not sure what you are
proposing. The use of IDs in EMF is very much like that in XML. I.e.,
the value of the ID must uniquely define the object within the
resource. I.e., if EcoreUtil.getID(x) != null and x.eResource() != null
then x.eResource().getEObject(EcoreUtil.getID(x)) == x.
>
>>> I attach an example project, where all that I told can be repeated. Its
>>> standard EMF usage, EMF 2.4, Eclipse 3.4M4. I attach as well a
>>> screenshot
>>> of the model.
>> The only one that I'd consider defining a constraint for is a
>> multi-valued ID. I don't think that make sense.
>
> I think the question is, whether ID means an XML Schema ID (thus
> something platform specific), or whether it means the concept of id,
> like a primary key.
The above statement is the intended meaning. I.e., the value of the ID
attribute, converted to a string as defined by the data type of that
feature must uniquely identify the object within it's containing resource.
>
> In the first case, all you tell me is true and understandable. But,
> you have an option, which is platform specific in the .ecore
>
> The eKeys() for
> instance is not platform specific, its conceptually clear, it gives
> the keys for a reference, and only all the objects reached by this
> reference
> must have unique keys. It corresponds somehow to a map.
It's also very similar to a database table if you consider each
reference to be like a table. An in fact, if the referenced type is
stored in a table, then all references to that type can use the same
eKeys because not only are they unique with respect to that reference
but they are unique for all instances of the type.
>
> Your ID feature on the otherhand, although it seems to be a clear
> concept (primary key), it is just a way how to tweak the XML
> serialization. As it is now, it could as well go into an annotation,
> like the numerous XSD annotations that already exist.
No, I don't really see it that way. Certainly the XML concepts are the
analog, but from a purely Ecore perspective, it's only about uniquely
identifying the object within its containing resource. The same concept
could be used to serialize in a form other than XML.
>
>
> Are you strictly against making the features with ID=true to a real
> primary key?
Yes, though mostly that's because I don't really understand what you are
proposing. I see database concepts as quite different. Databases have
the luxury to taking what I call a closed universe model. I.e., they
have bounds on all possible data that exists. EMF is more like REST
where the universe of all data instances is effectively unbounded...
>
> Having the option to define primary keys would be a great benefit for
> all frameworks connecting with a DB and for the integration with DTP.
I don't understand what the implication is though. It seems to me that
the combination of table name and the primary key values would act as an
ID and hence already provides what's needed.
If course I haven't thrown the whole issue of intrinsic and extrinsic
IDs at you. So far all this stuff has been about intrinsic IDs which
are stored as data on the instances. Resources can also maintain
extrinsic IDs that are maintained as a separate two-way map by the
resource. That's another approach that could be used (and is how xmi:id
is supported).
>
> Best, Philipp
>
>>>
>>> Best, Philipp
>>>
>>> ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------
>>>
>>>
>>
--------------080506070701080102010200
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta content="text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1" http-equiv="Content-Type">
</head>
<body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000">
Philipp,<br>
<br>
Comments below.<br>
<br>
<br>
Philipp W. Kutter wrote:
<blockquote cite="mid:flmc9k$d11$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">I had a 2 day modeling session with a
client, and to my surprise, the
<br>
fact that one can define an ID, and have the references look nice was
<br>
one of the most important things for them. It seems business oriented
<br>
clients like easy to read XML formats.
<br>
</blockquote>
I'm not surprised at all. Some folks are obsessed with the prettiness
of XML, which seems almost an oxymoron... </blockquote>
<br>
My client invested a huge amount of money in an XML based Cobol
framework.. thus XML is all they have ;-)</blockquote>
I wonder if your clients who apparently have a huge amount of money
know they can donate huge or small amounts of it to Eclipse. :-P<a
href="http://www.eclipse.org/donate/donorlist.php"><br>
</a>
<blockquote><a href="http://www.eclipse.org/donate/donorlist.php">http://www.eclipse.org/donate/donorlist.php</a><br>
</blockquote>
<blockquote cite="mid:flmc9k$d11$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<br>
> You say my blog about
<br>
<blockquote type="cite">improvements for substitution group handling
to avoid those frightening xsi:type attributes?
<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://ed-merks.blogspot.com/2007/12/winters-icy-grip.html">http://ed-merks.blogspot.com/2007/12/winters-icy-grip.html</a>
<br>
<br>
</blockquote>
I looked through it, and I want to use it. From the text I read that I
have to change the code. I'd prefer to have an option in the genmodel,
but I will go through it again and change my templates.
<br>
</blockquote>
Mostly it's just annotations in the XSD. I suppose you mean adding the
save option to the generated factory, but there are just so many
options for the load and save support that starting to provide
individual generator control over them seems too big an undertaking...<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flmc9k$d11$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
By the way, do you have an idea how references in the generated XML
Schema can be made typed? This would be very beautiful. The currend
anyURI together with the ECore annotation just does not show up in an
XSD editor..
<br>
</blockquote>
You mean a nice XSD editor for editing annotations? I suppose every
editor should support that, but annotations are entirely free form so
it's most just DOM editing. I imagine an Eclipse editor could support
an extension support with nice wizards or some other mechanism for
defining specific types of well structured annotations (kind of like
what we want to do for Ecore itself but didn't get around to yet).<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flmc9k$d11$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">I thus started to use the feature with
them, and we run into problems.
<br>
<br>
These are the problems I detected:
<br>
<br>
- spaces in String-ID attributes let the editor crash
<br>
</blockquote>
Yep. XML Schema doesn't allow spaces in attributes. If you serialize
using hrefs, EMF tolerates the, but their best avoided. Note that you
could define an EDataType that wraps java.lang.String and encode spaces
some other way (and of course decode them as well) to allow you to use
a value with spaces as an ID...
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
Hmm, but where is the relation to XML Schema? In my example project, I
just define a string as ID, and then stuff crashes.
<br>
</blockquote>
The EAttribute's ID support was added purely as an analog to XML
Schema's xsd:ID and from an XML serialization perspective, the same
types of restrictions apply. But of course XML is not necessarily the
only form of serialization and not in all cases will spaces in the ID
cause a problem for the reference, so I'd be reluctant to try to treat
such things purely as an error during validation. If you use the
XMLTypePackage's ID type, then the constraint that it must be a well
formed XML Schema ID will be enforced.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flmc9k$d11$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
Would we not need an EDataType that wraps String and disalows spaces,
and then only string-attributes with this EDataType can be implemented
as XML attributes, the others need an element?
<br>
</blockquote>
That's one way yes, and the XMLTypePackage has such a type. But if
your client wants to use a field who's values can contain spaces and
still wants to use those to create IDREFS then the approach of encode
and decode would work quite nicely.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flmc9k$d11$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">- an int-ID attribute which is unset (but
which displays as 0 in the editor...) create not a reference to 0, but
the usual positional reference.
<br>
</blockquote>
Well, int's aren't valid XML Schema IDs either. Again, they are
tolerated. In any case, when an ID isn't set, it won't be used, so be
sure to set them.
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
Hmmm.
<br>
</blockquote>
The rules for ID are the same as NCName, i.e., if you can't use it as
an element name you can't use it as an ID.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flmc9k$d11$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite"><br>
- ID attributes which are many do crash too.
<br>
</blockquote>
I'm not sure what such a thing would mean...
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
Just that the unique ID of your class is a list of strings or integers.
<br>
</blockquote>
Yes, more of a composed thing yet again. The problem is representing
such thing as a string, which you'd normally do with a space separated
list, but of course that's not going to work nicely.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flmc9k$d11$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<br>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">Last but not least, I do not understand why
I can select a set of features for the eKeys() but only one ID. </blockquote>
Because a key specifies that the indicated features much unique
identify the object with regard to this particular reference only.
That's why they are specified for the reference and not directly on the
type.
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
Agree, you explained this before. But this does not mean we cannot have
<br>
several ID features. Their combination makes the ID.
<br>
</blockquote>
XML Schema doesn't allow that an I'm not keen on introducing such
additional complexity. You'll have to define a derived feature and
compose the value in whatever way is appropriate for the data types
involved.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flmc9k$d11$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">The main purpose of the ID
<br>
feature in my opinion is to create clean unique business keys. Such
<br>
keys are typically composed from several fields, not only one.
<br>
</blockquote>
Yes and you can define a derived ID that's computed by composing other
values. But in XML Schema as well, you'll find it only allows you to
defined one attribute of type ID. That's the design we are mirroring.
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
I see, thus ID is an XML Schema ID, and not a primary key.
<br>
</blockquote>
I'm not so database literate. I understand that a primary key is one
or more columns in a table that uniquely identify a row in the table.
Thus different tables could have the same primary key, if such a
statement makes sense since columns are not shared across tables. In
that sense, the name of the table along with the primary key within the
tabl does act very much like a unique ID within the database.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flmc9k$d11$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
Would it not make much more sense to use the ID feature to define
primary keys, and then if they do not follow all the restrictions of
XML, they are just not declared as XML ID??
<br>
</blockquote>
Primary key is a database concept. I'm not sure what you are
proposing. The use of IDs in EMF is very much like that in XML. I.e.,
the value of the ID must uniquely define the object within the
resource. I.e., if EcoreUtil.getID(x) != null and x.eResource() !=
null then x.eResource().getEObject(EcoreUtil.getID(x)) == x.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flmc9k$d11$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">I attach an example project, where all that
I told can be repeated. Its
<br>
standard EMF usage, EMF 2.4, Eclipse 3.4M4. I attach as well a
screenshot
<br>
of the model.
<br>
</blockquote>
The only one that I'd consider defining a constraint for is a
multi-valued ID. I don't think that make sense.
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
I think the question is, whether ID means an XML Schema ID (thus
something platform specific), or whether it means the concept of id,
like a primary key.
<br>
</blockquote>
The above statement is the intended meaning. I.e., the value of the ID
attribute, converted to a string as defined by the data type of that
feature must uniquely identify the object within it's containing
resource.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flmc9k$d11$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
In the first case, all you tell me is true and understandable. But, you
have an option, which is platform specific in the .ecore
<br>
<br>
The eKeys() for
<br>
instance is not platform specific, its conceptually clear, it gives the
keys for a reference, and only all the objects reached by this
reference
<br>
must have unique keys. It corresponds somehow to a map.
<br>
</blockquote>
It's also very similar to a database table if you consider each
reference to be like a table. An in fact, if the referenced type is
stored in a table, then all references to that type can use the same
eKeys because not only are they unique with respect to that reference
but they are unique for all instances of the type.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flmc9k$d11$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
Your ID feature on the otherhand, although it seems to be a clear
concept (primary key), it is just a way how to tweak the XML
serialization. As it is now, it could as well go into an annotation,
like the numerous XSD annotations that already exist.
<br>
</blockquote>
No, I don't really see it that way. Certainly the XML concepts are the
analog, but from a purely Ecore perspective, it's only about uniquely
identifying the object within its containing resource. The same
concept could be used to serialize in a form other than XML.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flmc9k$d11$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<br>
Are you strictly against making the features with ID=true to a real
<br>
primary key?
<br>
</blockquote>
Yes, though mostly that's because I don't really understand what you
are proposing. I see database concepts as quite different. Databases
have the luxury to taking what I call a closed universe model. I.e.,
they have bounds on all possible data that exists. EMF is more like
REST where the universe of all data instances is effectively
unbounded...<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flmc9k$d11$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
Having the option to define primary keys would be a great benefit for
all frameworks connecting with a DB and for the integration with DTP.
<br>
</blockquote>
I don't understand what the implication is though. It seems to me that
the combination of table name and the primary key values would act as
an ID and hence already provides what's needed.<br>
<br>
If course I haven't thrown the whole issue of intrinsic and extrinsic
IDs at you. So far all this stuff has been about intrinsic IDs which
are stored as data on the instances. Resources can also maintain
extrinsic IDs that are maintained as a separate two-way map by the
resource. That's another approach that could be used (and is how
xmi:id is supported).<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flmc9k$d11$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
Best, Philipp
<br>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite"><br>
Best, Philipp
<br>
<br>
------------------------------------------------------------ ------------
<br>
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<br>
</body>
</html>
--------------080506070701080102010200--
Ed Merks
Professional Support: https://www.macromodeling.com/
|
|
|
| Re: ID problems: blanks in ID and unset int fields [message #415770 is a reply to message #415769] |
Sat, 05 January 2008 18:25 |
Eclipse User |
|
|
|
Originally posted by: cdamus.ca.ibm.com
Hi, Ed, Philipp,
It might help also to add that the "ID attribute" is a EMOF concept, and not
just an XML Schema concept. MOF 2.x defines, in EMOF, an "isID" attribute
on the Property metaclass (actually merged from Identifiers capability
package). MOF specifies this constraint on Identifiers::Property :
[1] Property.isID can only be true for one Property of a Class.
Regarding the XML representation of IDs: as Ed mentions, xs:ID is derived
from xs:NCName, which values cannot start with a digit. This is why UUIDs
generated by EMF often (always?) start with an underscore. This is also
why whitespace isn't permitted, besides the practical problem of the IDREFS
data type being a space-delimited list of IDREF.
HTH,
Christian
|
|
|
| Re: ID problems: blanks in ID and unset int fields [message #415773 is a reply to message #415769] |
Sun, 06 January 2008 13:15 |
Philipp Kutter
Messages: 306
Registered: July 2009 |
Senior Member |
|
|
> I wonder if your clients who apparently have a huge amount of money know
> they can donate huge or small amounts of it to Eclipse. :-P
> <http://www.eclipse.org/donate/donorlist.php>
>
> http://www.eclipse.org/donate/donorlist.php
>
I just put you in contact with my main person there. Hope we get through.
>> By the way, do you have an idea how references in the generated XML
>> Schema can be made typed? This would be very beautiful. The currend
>> anyURI together with the ECore annotation just does not show up in an
>> XSD editor..
> You mean a nice XSD editor for editing annotations? I suppose every
> editor should support that, but annotations are entirely free form so
> it's most just DOM editing. I imagine an Eclipse editor could support
> an extension support with nice wizards or some other mechanism for
> defining specific types of well structured annotations (kind of like
> what we want to do for Ecore itself but didn't get around to yet).
No, I mean to find a way where we define an XSD type T and then an
attribute with type="T". But my own experiments showed, that this is not
possible in XSD.
>> Hmm, but where is the relation to XML Schema? In my example project, I
>> just define a string as ID, and then stuff crashes.
> The EAttribute's ID support was added purely as an analog to XML
> Schema's xsd:ID and from an XML serialization perspective, the same
> types of restrictions apply. But of course XML is not necessarily the
> only form of serialization and not in all cases will spaces in the ID
> cause a problem for the reference, so I'd be reluctant to try to treat
> such things purely as an error during validation. If you use the
> XMLTypePackage's ID type, then the constraint that it must be a well
> formed XML Schema ID will be enforced.
Ok, thanks for that hint. Your advice on the ID feature is very useful.
By the way, it would be cool, if one of the tutorial shows how to
introduce new DataTypes, restrict their value range (for instance using
regexp) and then use them in the model.
Do conflicts with the DataType be reported by the validation framework?
This leads me to another question: with the validation of values, it
would be possible to validate the result of applying a setter, and if as
a result there is a validation error, the value would be rejected. Does
it make sense if I add a feature request like this?
>> Would we not need an EDataType that wraps String and disalows spaces,
>> and then only string-attributes with this EDataType can be implemented
>> as XML attributes, the others need an element?
> That's one way yes, and the XMLTypePackage has such a type. But if your
> client wants to use a field who's values can contain spaces and still
> wants to use those to create IDREFS then the approach of encode and
> decode would work quite nicely.
I understand. We will program this and donate it back. Maybe you could
then consider using this datatype rather than String, if ID=true is set?
>>>> - an int-ID attribute which is unset (but which displays as 0 in the
>>>> editor...) create not a reference to 0, but the usual positional
>>>> reference.
>>> Well, int's aren't valid XML Schema IDs either. Again, they are
>>> tolerated. In any case, when an ID isn't set, it won't be used, so
>>> be sure to set them.
>>
>> Hmmm.
> The rules for ID are the same as NCName, i.e., if you can't use it as an
> element name you can't use it as an ID.
I understand. Would not everything be much more stable if you have a
bullet proof String <-> NCName conversion, and you apply this conversion
both for element names and for String-values of features with ID=true?
>>>> - ID attributes which are many do crash too.
>>> I'm not sure what such a thing would mean...
>>
>> Just that the unique ID of your class is a list of strings or integers.
> Yes, more of a composed thing yet again. The problem is representing
> such thing as a string, which you'd normally do with a space separated
> list, but of course that's not going to work nicely.
It will work for numbers, booleans and chars, but not for strings. Thus
for strings a list of separate XML-elements would be better.
As I noted in other posts, I think its a fundamental advantage of EMF to
treat things as having a type and an arity. This is more the MOF
abstraction level, while having just a type is more Java.
It would be cool if this advantage would carry over to ID's too.
>> Agree, you explained this before. But this does not mean we cannot have
>> several ID features. Their combination makes the ID.
> XML Schema doesn't allow that an I'm not keen on introducing such
> additional complexity. You'll have to define a derived feature and
> compose the value in whatever way is appropriate for the data types
> involved.
I agree. But the framework could easily introduce such a feature, and
then use this for the references. Like this the String<->NCName
conversion could be done on this derived feature only. Maybe we need
to have our own annotation for primary (and maybe as well foreign) keys.
>>>> The main purpose of the ID
>>>> feature in my opinion is to create clean unique business keys. Such
>>>> keys are typically composed from several fields, not only one.
>>> Yes and you can define a derived ID that's computed by composing
>>> other values. But in XML Schema as well, you'll find it only allows
>>> you to defined one attribute of type ID. That's the design we are
>>> mirroring.
>>
>> I see, thus ID is an XML Schema ID, and not a primary key.
> I'm not so database literate.
I wasn't until the market exposed me to DataWarehouse projects. It seems
there is a huge universe of opportunities for EMF there. Immagine for
instance, that the DataType feature of EMF could be reused for
data-managament initiatives in large institutions.
> I understand that a primary key is one or
> more columns in a table that uniquely identify a row in the table.
Exactly. In contrast to this, objects of a OO class have their own
identity, thus there can be two objects with the same feature-values,
but never two entries in such a table
> Thus
> different tables could have the same primary key, if such a statement
> makes sense since columns are not shared across tables. In that sense,
> the name of the table along with the primary key within the tabl does
> act very much like a unique ID within the database.
Agree completly.
>> Would it not make much more sense to use the ID feature to define
>> primary keys, and then if they do not follow all the restrictions of
>> XML, they are just not declared as XML ID??
> Primary key is a database concept. I'm not sure what you are
> proposing.
It's rather an Information Modeling concept, which is enforced by
relational databases, and one of the few differences between a UML class
model, and a conceptual data model. As well, it can be though of as a
standard constraint telling that for all instances, there are not
two instances with the same primary key.
A model with this information is just richer than one where I do not
know this. In the financial industry must applications are CRUD
applications. Most of the inteligence is in the data-model. And primary
keys are an important part of that models. I'd like to see EMF being
usable as a replacement for conceptual data models.
> The use of IDs in EMF is very much like that in XML. I.e.,
> the value of the ID must uniquely define the object within the
> resource. I.e., if EcoreUtil.getID(x) != null and x.eResource() != null
> then x.eResource().getEObject(EcoreUtil.getID(x)) == x.
I understand. It's very clear now, thanks a lot.
>>>> I attach an example project, where all that I told can be repeated. Its
>>>> standard EMF usage, EMF 2.4, Eclipse 3.4M4. I attach as well a
>>>> screenshot
>>>> of the model.
>>> The only one that I'd consider defining a constraint for is a
>>> multi-valued ID. I don't think that make sense.
>>
>> I think the question is, whether ID means an XML Schema ID (thus
>> something platform specific), or whether it means the concept of id,
>> like a primary key.
> The above statement is the intended meaning. I.e., the value of the ID
> attribute, converted to a string as defined by the data type of that
> feature must uniquely identify the object within it's containing resource.
What you define is exactly the concept of a primary key. At the moment,
the conversion into a String for this id is not done by EMF
automatically in a way that is conforming with NCName, and I cannot have
combined and multi-valued ID's.
All I try to understand is whether we need to solve these problems on
our own, or whether we can hope to push EMF towards supporting ID's in
a most generic way, similar or superior to the way conceptual data
models do this.
By the way, in information modeling it works like this:
In the conceptual model, you define an entity/table/class (I use class
for the reminder) X with attributes/columns/references (I use reference
for the reminder) a, b, c. You mark a and b to bee the primary keys.
Then in a second class Y, you create a reference to X with name x.
This conceptual model corresponds to ECore, in my opinion.
Now, you generate from the conceptual model a physical model. In this
model, the reference from Y to X is implemented with two attributes in
Y. Since the reference was called x, these attributes need a combined
name made of x and the two primary keys a, b. Thus there will be two
attributes in Y, one called xA and one called xB. Their type is the type
of attributes a and b of X.
If the pattern for the physical model would be used in EMF too, this
would be huge. It would accelerate the speed in which we can move DB
projects over to EMF.
By the way2: Thus this not already work by introducing features x, xA,
and xB in Y, making a derived feature primaryKey in X, which combines a
and b to a NCName? I would make primaryKey, and x transient, so only
xA, xB, a, and b appear in the XML. And then I would derive primaryKey
from a,b, and x would derive from the values of xA and xB.
It would be nice if I could as well make xA and xB volatile, and having
just one instance variable x holding the primaryKey.
The reason I insist is, that I feel we are just very near to make EMF
useful in the data modeling and data management space. This is a huge
area, much larger than the OO space.
>> In the first case, all you tell me is true and understandable. But,
>> you have an option, which is platform specific in the .ecore
>>
>> The eKeys() for
>> instance is not platform specific, its conceptually clear, it gives
>> the keys for a reference, and only all the objects reached by this
>> reference
>> must have unique keys. It corresponds somehow to a map.
> It's also very similar to a database table if you consider each
> reference to be like a table. An in fact, if the referenced type is
> stored in a table, then all references to that type can use the same
> eKeys because not only are they unique with respect to that reference
> but they are unique for all instances of the type.
I agree. In addition, the eKeys() feature somehow tells, that I store
values of these features, to reference objects.
If the feature is multi-valued, this means, selecting an object in this
reference, will return all objects with those values of these features.
Thus it is very different to the OO view.
If the feature is not multi-valued, the eKeys() should be the same as
the primary key.
I would personally restrict the meaning of eKeys() to containment features.
>> Your ID feature on the otherhand, although it seems to be a clear
>> concept (primary key), it is just a way how to tweak the XML
>> serialization. As it is now, it could as well go into an annotation,
>> like the numerous XSD annotations that already exist.
> No, I don't really see it that way. Certainly the XML concepts are the
> analog, but from a purely Ecore perspective, it's only about uniquely
> identifying the object within its containing resource. The same concept
> could be used to serialize in a form other than XML.
Ok, I agree.
>> Are you strictly against making the features with ID=true to a real
>> primary key?
> Yes, though mostly that's because I don't really understand what you are
> proposing. I see database concepts as quite different. Databases have
> the luxury to taking what I call a closed universe model. I.e., they
> have bounds on all possible data that exists. EMF is more like REST
> where the universe of all data instances is effectively unbounded...
But within a resource, or within containment, you hava a closed universe
too. Thus resource+primaryKey would fit well EMF.
>> Having the option to define primary keys would be a great benefit for
>> all frameworks connecting with a DB and for the integration with DTP.
> I don't understand what the implication is though. It seems to me that
> the combination of table name and the primary key values would act as an
> ID and hence already provides what's needed.
I agree. As you see in my example above, it seems we get everything with
a few derived and transient features.
> If course I haven't thrown the whole issue of intrinsic and extrinsic
> IDs at you. So far all this stuff has been about intrinsic IDs which
> are stored as data on the instances. Resources can also maintain
> extrinsic IDs that are maintained as a separate two-way map by the
> resource. That's another approach that could be used (and is how xmi:id
> is supported).
Can you give me a pointer to a modesl with such a seperate two-way map?
I would be interested to learn about this.
Best, Philipp
>>
>> Best, Philipp
>>
>>>>
>>>> Best, Philipp
>>>>
|
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| Re: ID problems: blanks in ID and unset int fields [message #415774 is a reply to message #415770] |
Sun, 06 January 2008 13:18 |
Philipp Kutter
Messages: 306
Registered: July 2009 |
Senior Member |
|
|
Ok, in this case I take back all proposals to use ID
to define combined primary keys.
But it would makes sense to have a conversion to NCName for
all features declared as ID. Not?
My example project shows that this is not done.
Best, Philipp
Christian W. Damus wrote:
> Hi, Ed, Philipp,
>
> It might help also to add that the "ID attribute" is a EMOF concept, and not
> just an XML Schema concept. MOF 2.x defines, in EMOF, an "isID" attribute
> on the Property metaclass (actually merged from Identifiers capability
> package). MOF specifies this constraint on Identifiers::Property :
>
> [1] Property.isID can only be true for one Property of a Class.
>
> Regarding the XML representation of IDs: as Ed mentions, xs:ID is derived
> from xs:NCName, which values cannot start with a digit. This is why UUIDs
> generated by EMF often (always?) start with an underscore. This is also
> why whitespace isn't permitted, besides the practical problem of the IDREFS
> data type being a space-delimited list of IDREF.
>
> HTH,
>
> Christian
|
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| Re: ID problems: blanks in ID and unset int fields [message #415775 is a reply to message #415768] |
Sun, 06 January 2008 13:28 |
Philipp Kutter
Messages: 306
Registered: July 2009 |
Senior Member |
|
|
Hi, Eike.
I agree completely with what you say.
Actual implementations on the DB in fact have always technical keys,
bitemporality, e.t.c. This is needed, since there are always errors,
corrections, e.t.c. Unfortunatly people as well tend to not modeling
relations in real DBs, at least in the Data Warehouse Area.
But if business models are designed and validated, the business knows
very well what makes a real object unique. And they will always discuss
on this level.
What people who do discuss about primary keys in DB design forget is,
that after the DB Design come the reporting engines BO, Cognos, Birt,
e.t.c. And there people define their own business primary keys. And
decisions are made based on these reports.
Thus, we want to capture the abstract view of the business, and then
generate or connect the various technical platforms (XML, DB, Reporting
Engine, Z/OS, e.t.c.)
EMF has the chance to be the hub for all this. In the business view,
technical fields do not appear, and the EMF model may have the primary
key defined by business.
In the DB view, these primary keys do not exist, and are replaced by
technical keys. There exist two EMF models: one where the records are
loaded, and OO identity is used. Thus the DB simulates technical keys
(or has technical keys) but they are irrelevant. Thus this EMF model has
no primary key. Or I have an EMF model which includes the technical
keys, but there I can build the primary key again, using technical
attributes.
Best, Philipp
Eike Stepper wrote:
> Hi Philipp,
>
> I stumbled across your words "clean unique business keys". I'm not sure
> if I should really dare to start a discussion about the best nature of
> primary keys here. I believe this discussion is ongoing in the database
> area for over 25 years now with many articles like the following:
> -
> http://www.smart-it-consulting.com/database/progress-databas e-design-guide/
> - http://tonymarston.co.uk/php-mysql/technicalkeys.html
> - http://www.agiledata.org/essays/keys.html
>
> Personally I believe that in many situations a technical primary key is
> better. But without knowing details about a concrete scenario this is
> only "my general strategy". And of course most customers have their own
> key religion anyway ;-)
>
> At least with a read-only (derived, generated) technical primary key you
> can easily guarantee that a business user doesn't change the primary key
> by changing business data.
>
> Regards,
> Eike Stepper
> ----
> http://wiki.eclipse.org/CDO
> http://wiki.eclipse.org/Net4j
>
>
>
> Philipp W. Kutter schrieb:
>> Hi.
>> I had a 2 day modeling session with a client, and to my surprise, the
>> fact that one can define an ID, and have the references look nice was
>> one of the most important things for them. It seems business oriented
>> clients like easy to read XML formats.
>>
>>
>> I thus started to use the feature with them, and we run into problems.
>>
>> These are the problems I detected:
>>
>> - spaces in String-ID attributes let the editor crash
>>
>> - an int-ID attribute which is unset (but which displays as 0 in the
>> editor...) create not a reference to 0, but the usual positional
>> reference.
>>
>> - ID attributes which are many do crash too.
>>
>>
>>
>> Last but not least, I do not understand why I can select a set of
>> features for the eKeys() but only one ID. The main purpose of the ID
>> feature in my opinion is to create clean unique business keys. Such
>> keys are typically composed from several fields, not only one.
>>
>> I attach an example project, where all that I told can be repeated. Its
>> standard EMF usage, EMF 2.4, Eclipse 3.4M4. I attach as well a screenshot
>> of the model.
>>
>> Best, Philipp
|
|
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| Re: ID problems: blanks in ID and unset int fields [message #415778 is a reply to message #415773] |
Sun, 06 January 2008 13:55 |
Ed Merks
Messages: 33216
Registered: July 2009 |
Senior Member |
|
|
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Philipp,
Comments below.
Philipp W. Kutter wrote:
>
>> I wonder if your clients who apparently have a huge amount of money
>> know they can donate huge or small amounts of it to Eclipse. :-P
>> <http://www.eclipse.org/donate/donorlist.php>
>>
>> http://www.eclipse.org/donate/donorlist.php
>>
> I just put you in contact with my main person there. Hope we get through.
I feel like a beggar now!
>
>
>
>>> By the way, do you have an idea how references in the generated XML
>>> Schema can be made typed? This would be very beautiful. The currend
>>> anyURI together with the ECore annotation just does not show up in
>>> an XSD editor..
>> You mean a nice XSD editor for editing annotations? I suppose every
>> editor should support that, but annotations are entirely free form so
>> it's most just DOM editing. I imagine an Eclipse editor could
>> support an extension support with nice wizards or some other
>> mechanism for defining specific types of well structured annotations
>> (kind of like what we want to do for Ecore itself but didn't get
>> around to yet).
>
> No, I mean to find a way where we define an XSD type T and then an
> attribute with type="T". But my own experiments showed, that this is not
> possible in XSD.
You mean you'd like a way to exploit generics with XSD?
http://ed-merks.blogspot.com/2007/06/modeling-generics-with- xml-schema.html
Of course you know that you can use ecore:reference to specify the type
of a reference, so I'm slightly confused about what you mean by "T"
>
>
>>> Hmm, but where is the relation to XML Schema? In my example project,
>>> I just define a string as ID, and then stuff crashes.
>> The EAttribute's ID support was added purely as an analog to XML
>> Schema's xsd:ID and from an XML serialization perspective, the same
>> types of restrictions apply. But of course XML is not necessarily
>> the only form of serialization and not in all cases will spaces in
>> the ID cause a problem for the reference, so I'd be reluctant to try
>> to treat such things purely as an error during validation. If you
>> use the XMLTypePackage's ID type, then the constraint that it must be
>> a well formed XML Schema ID will be enforced.
>
> Ok, thanks for that hint. Your advice on the ID feature is very useful.
>
> By the way, it would be cool, if one of the tutorial shows how to
> introduce new DataTypes, restrict their value range (for instance
> using regexp) and then use them in the model.
You mean without reference to XML Schema's way of doing this? It's hard
to keep up with all the work without nice tutorials that perhaps could
be contributed by the community as easily as by us...
>
> Do conflicts with the DataType be reported by the validation framework?
Yes, all simple type constraints (facets constraints) are reported.
>
> This leads me to another question: with the validation of values, it
> would be possible to validate the result of applying a setter, and if
> as a result there is a validation error, the value would be rejected.
> Does
> it make sense if I add a feature request like this?
There is support for live validation in the extended validation
framework and in the transaction framework there is support for rollback
if constraints aren't satisfied. Doing this immediately at all times
(such as when deserializing) doesn't seem so good.
>
>>> Would we not need an EDataType that wraps String and disalows
>>> spaces, and then only string-attributes with this EDataType can be
>>> implemented as XML attributes, the others need an element?
>> That's one way yes, and the XMLTypePackage has such a type. But if
>> your client wants to use a field who's values can contain spaces and
>> still wants to use those to create IDREFS then the approach of encode
>> and decode would work quite nicely.
> I understand. We will program this and donate it back. Maybe you could
> then consider using this datatype rather than String, if ID=true is set?
I'll always use the data type of the feature itself for doing the
conversion, but having a useful EDataType in Ecore that folks could use
seems reasonable.
>
>>>>> - an int-ID attribute which is unset (but which displays as 0 in
>>>>> the editor...) create not a reference to 0, but the usual
>>>>> positional reference.
>>>> Well, int's aren't valid XML Schema IDs either. Again, they are
>>>> tolerated. In any case, when an ID isn't set, it won't be used, so
>>>> be sure to set them.
>>>
>>> Hmmm.
>> The rules for ID are the same as NCName, i.e., if you can't use it as
>> an element name you can't use it as an ID.
>
> I understand. Would not everything be much more stable if you have a
> bullet proof String <-> NCName conversion, and you apply this
> conversion both for element names and for String-values of features
> with ID=true?
You always get into the kinds of issues of double encoding since there
will always be some special "normal" character used to escape an
encoding that then can't be used in it's unencoded form.
>
>
>>>>> - ID attributes which are many do crash too.
>>>> I'm not sure what such a thing would mean...
>>>
>>> Just that the unique ID of your class is a list of strings or integers.
>> Yes, more of a composed thing yet again. The problem is representing
>> such thing as a string, which you'd normally do with a space
>> separated list, but of course that's not going to work nicely.
> It will work for numbers, booleans and chars, but not for strings.
> Thus for strings a list of separate XML-elements would be better.
Oddly enough, XML Schema does let you have list of string and doesn't
really care that when you read it back in you might have more strings
than when you wrote it out...
>
> As I noted in other posts, I think its a fundamental advantage of EMF to
> treat things as having a type and an arity. This is more the MOF
> abstraction level, while having just a type is more Java.
In XML Schema, a list of ID is no longer an ID...
>
> It would be cool if this advantage would carry over to ID's too.
It's often the case that making things more general makes them more
complex and more generally expensive to process, so I'd rather stick to
what's simple as long as there are ways for folks to do more complex
things if they like, e.g., a derived ID feature that's derived from a
many-valued feature is sufficient.
>
>>> Agree, you explained this before. But this does not mean we cannot have
>>> several ID features. Their combination makes the ID.
>> XML Schema doesn't allow that an I'm not keen on introducing such
>> additional complexity. You'll have to define a derived feature and
>> compose the value in whatever way is appropriate for the data types
>> involved.
>
> I agree. But the framework could easily introduce such a feature, and
> then use this for the references. Like this the String<->NCName
> conversion could be done on this derived feature only. Maybe we need
> to have our own annotation for primary (and maybe as well foreign) keys.
I don't see a compelling use case. Generally "normal" features will not
induce an ID that's unique within the containing resource. I think
you're making a big assumption to say that a primary key in a database
table is equivalent to an ID.
>
>>>>> The main purpose of the ID
>>>>> feature in my opinion is to create clean unique business keys. Such
>>>>> keys are typically composed from several fields, not only one.
>>>> Yes and you can define a derived ID that's computed by composing
>>>> other values. But in XML Schema as well, you'll find it only
>>>> allows you to defined one attribute of type ID. That's the design
>>>> we are mirroring.
>>>
>>> I see, thus ID is an XML Schema ID, and not a primary key.
>> I'm not so database literate.
> I wasn't until the market exposed me to DataWarehouse projects. It
> seems there is a huge universe of opportunities for EMF there.
> Immagine for instance, that the DataType feature of EMF could be
> reused for data-managament initiatives in large institutions.
I keep telling people that the opportunities for modeling are pervasive
and massively overlooked. It's really a much better XML so at some
point the obsession with XML will wear off and folks will look a little
farther...
>
>> I understand that a primary key is one or more columns in a table
>> that uniquely identify a row in the table.
> Exactly. In contrast to this, objects of a OO class have their own
> identity, thus there can be two objects with the same feature-values,
> but never two entries in such a table
>
>> Thus different tables could have the same primary key, if such a
>> statement makes sense since columns are not shared across tables.
>> In that sense, the name of the table along with the primary key
>> within the tabl does act very much like a unique ID within the database.
>
> Agree completly.
>
>>> Would it not make much more sense to use the ID feature to define
>>> primary keys, and then if they do not follow all the restrictions of
>>> XML, they are just not declared as XML ID??
>> Primary key is a database concept. I'm not sure what you are
>> proposing.
> It's rather an Information Modeling concept, which is enforced by
> relational databases, and one of the few differences between a UML
> class model, and a conceptual data model. As well, it can be though of
> as a
> standard constraint telling that for all instances, there are not
> two instances with the same primary key.
The problem is that you might have name be a primary key and you might
find another type of object also has a primary key whose string value is
the same. I terms of uniquely identifying the object via just the
string and no additional information, this doesn't work well.
>
> A model with this information is just richer than one where I do not
> know this. In the financial industry must applications are CRUD
> applications. Most of the inteligence is in the data-model. And primary
> keys are an important part of that models. I'd like to see EMF being
> usable as a replacement for conceptual data models.
I think the concepts have to match exactly and they don't.
>
>> The use of IDs in EMF is very much like that in XML. I.e., the value
>> of the ID must uniquely define the object within the resource. I.e.,
>> if EcoreUtil.getID(x) != null and x.eResource() != null then
>> x.eResource().getEObject(EcoreUtil.getID(x)) == x.
> I understand. It's very clear now, thanks a lot.
>
>>>>> I attach an example project, where all that I told can be
>>>>> repeated. Its
>>>>> standard EMF usage, EMF 2.4, Eclipse 3.4M4. I attach as well a
>>>>> screenshot
>>>>> of the model.
>>>> The only one that I'd consider defining a constraint for is a
>>>> multi-valued ID. I don't think that make sense.
>>>
>>> I think the question is, whether ID means an XML Schema ID (thus
>>> something platform specific), or whether it means the concept of id,
>>> like a primary key.
>> The above statement is the intended meaning. I.e., the value of the
>> ID attribute, converted to a string as defined by the data type of
>> that feature must uniquely identify the object within it's containing
>> resource.
>
> What you define is exactly the concept of a primary key. At the moment,
> the conversion into a String for this id is not done by EMF
> automatically in a way that is conforming with NCName, and I cannot have
> combined and multi-valued ID's.
I don't believe it is exactly the same concept. A resource containing
different types of object could still find that two different types of
objects have primary key values that happen to be the same which of
course has no significance from a database point of view, but does from
the point of view of building a map from strings to objects. Note that
string conversion is based on the normal conversion done for the data
type. E.g., you could have a the ID be byte[] and use base64Binary as a
data type.
>
> All I try to understand is whether we need to solve these problems on
> our own, or whether we can hope to push EMF towards supporting ID's in
> a most generic way, similar or superior to the way conceptual data
> models do this.
At this point, I don't see the concepts as being the same, so we'd need
to get beyond that point...
>
> By the way, in information modeling it works like this:
>
> In the conceptual model, you define an entity/table/class (I use class
> for the reminder) X with attributes/columns/references (I use
> reference for the reminder) a, b, c. You mark a and b to bee the
> primary keys.
This is much more closely related to EReference.eKeys where you consider
a table to be special EClass that contains all possible instances of the
associated item type.
>
> Then in a second class Y, you create a reference to X with name x.
>
> This conceptual model corresponds to ECore, in my opinion.
>
> Now, you generate from the conceptual model a physical model. In this
> model, the reference from Y to X is implemented with two attributes in
> Y. Since the reference was called x, these attributes need a combined
> name made of x and the two primary keys a, b. Thus there will be two
> attributes in Y, one called xA and one called xB. Their type is the
> type of attributes a and b of X.
I'll keep pointing back at the fact that different types of object can
accidentally have the same string value as their derived ID...
>
> If the pattern for the physical model would be used in EMF too, this
> would be huge. It would accelerate the speed in which we can move DB
> projects over to EMF.
The whole DB/relational to object mapping is a big problem that's not so
easily solved because of all kinds of additional complexities with
inheritance being an important example of that.
>
> By the way2: Thus this not already work by introducing features x, xA,
> and xB in Y, making a derived feature primaryKey in X, which combines
> a and b to a NCName? I would make primaryKey, and x transient, so only
> xA, xB, a, and b appear in the XML. And then I would derive primaryKey
> from a,b, and x would derive from the values of xA and xB.
You could certainly annotate features directly as DB-like keys and then
specialize the resource implementation's getURIFragment to compute an
ID-like value based on that (and of course specialized getEObject to do
the inverse). All that could then be done reflectively and wouldn't
actually require anything basic changes to Ecore...
>
> It would be nice if I could as well make xA and xB volatile, and
> having just one instance variable x holding the primaryKey.
>
> The reason I insist is, that I feel we are just very near to make EMF
> useful in the data modeling and data management space. This is a huge
> area, much larger than the OO space.
I can imagine doing all this without any modifications to Ecore. Teneo
and CDO are both doing similar types of things in this space...
>
>>> In the first case, all you tell me is true and understandable. But,
>>> you have an option, which is platform specific in the .ecore
>>>
>>> The eKeys() for
>>> instance is not platform specific, its conceptually clear, it gives
>>> the keys for a reference, and only all the objects reached by this
>>> reference
>>> must have unique keys. It corresponds somehow to a map.
>> It's also very similar to a database table if you consider each
>> reference to be like a table. An in fact, if the referenced type is
>> stored in a table, then all references to that type can use the same
>> eKeys because not only are they unique with respect to that reference
>> but they are unique for all instances of the type.
>
> I agree. In addition, the eKeys() feature somehow tells, that I store
> values of these features, to reference objects.
>
> If the feature is multi-valued, this means, selecting an object in
> this reference, will return all objects with those values of these
> features. Thus it is very different to the OO view.
>
> If the feature is not multi-valued, the eKeys() should be the same as
> the primary key.
A primary key is something intrinsic to the type itself whereas keys are
much more like the XML Schema concept and represent a constraint about
where it's used.
>
> I would personally restrict the meaning of eKeys() to containment
> features.
It's generally just a constraint and there's no reason this constraint
couldn't apply to any type of reference.
>
>>> Your ID feature on the otherhand, although it seems to be a clear
>>> concept (primary key), it is just a way how to tweak the XML
>>> serialization. As it is now, it could as well go into an annotation,
>>> like the numerous XSD annotations that already exist.
>> No, I don't really see it that way. Certainly the XML concepts are
>> the analog, but from a purely Ecore perspective, it's only about
>> uniquely identifying the object within its containing resource. The
>> same concept could be used to serialize in a form other than XML.
> Ok, I agree.
>
>>> Are you strictly against making the features with ID=true to a real
>>> primary key?
>> Yes, though mostly that's because I don't really understand what you
>> are proposing. I see database concepts as quite different.
>> Databases have the luxury to taking what I call a closed universe
>> model. I.e., they have bounds on all possible data that exists. EMF
>> is more like REST where the universe of all data instances is
>> effectively unbounded...
> But within a resource, or within containment, you hava a closed universe
> too. Thus resource+primaryKey would fit well EMF.
You have to ask yourself though why MOF and UML haven't done this. It's
very hard to assert in an open universe data model that something is
absolutely unique. Even with UUIDs, you might make a copy of a resource
and end up with two objects that have the same UUID...
>
>
>>> Having the option to define primary keys would be a great benefit
>>> for all frameworks connecting with a DB and for the integration with
>>> DTP.
>> I don't understand what the implication is though. It seems to me
>> that the combination of table name and the primary key values would
>> act as an ID and hence already provides what's needed.
> I agree. As you see in my example above, it seems we get everything with
> a few derived and transient features.
I could imagine defining an annotation on a volatile feature that, in
combination with a specialized template would generate the code needed
to compute an ID in whatever way would be useful...
>
>> If course I haven't thrown the whole issue of intrinsic and extrinsic
>> IDs at you. So far all this stuff has been about intrinsic IDs which
>> are stored as data on the instances. Resources can also maintain
>> extrinsic IDs that are maintained as a separate two-way map by the
>> resource. That's another approach that could be used (and is how
>> xmi:id is supported).
> Can you give me a pointer to a modesl with such a seperate two-way map?
> I would be interested to learn about this.
UML2's resources always make use of this.
> Best, Philipp
>>>
>>> Best, Philipp
>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Best, Philipp
>>>>>
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Philipp,<br>
<br>
Comments below.<br>
<br>
Philipp W. Kutter wrote:
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<blockquote type="cite">I wonder if your clients who apparently have
a huge amount of money know they can donate huge or small amounts of it
to Eclipse. :-P
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="http://www.eclipse.org/donate/donorlist.php"><http://www.eclipse.org/donate/donorlist.php></a>
<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.eclipse.org/donate/donorlist.php">http://www.eclipse.org/donate/donorlist.php</a>
<br>
<br>
</blockquote>
I just put you in contact with my main person there. Hope we get
through.
<br>
</blockquote>
I feel like a beggar now!<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<br>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">By the way, do you have an idea how
references in the generated XML Schema can be made typed? This would be
very beautiful. The currend anyURI together with the ECore annotation
just does not show up in an XSD editor..
<br>
</blockquote>
You mean a nice XSD editor for editing annotations? I suppose every
editor should support that, but annotations are entirely free form so
it's most just DOM editing. I imagine an Eclipse editor could support
an extension support with nice wizards or some other mechanism for
defining specific types of well structured annotations (kind of like
what we want to do for Ecore itself but didn't get around to yet).
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
No, I mean to find a way where we define an XSD type T and then an
attribute with type="T". But my own experiments showed, that this is
not
<br>
possible in XSD.
<br>
</blockquote>
You mean you'd like a way to exploit generics with XSD?<br>
<blockquote><a
href=" http://ed-merks.blogspot.com/2007/06/modeling-generics-with- xml-schema.html"> http://ed-merks.blogspot.com/2007/06/modeling-generics-with- xml-schema.html</a><br>
</blockquote>
Of course you know that you can use ecore:reference to specify the type
of a reference, so I'm slightly confused about what you mean by "T"<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">Hmm, but where is the relation to XML
Schema? In my example project, I just define a string as ID, and then
stuff crashes.
<br>
</blockquote>
The EAttribute's ID support was added purely as an analog to XML
Schema's xsd:ID and from an XML serialization perspective, the same
types of restrictions apply. But of course XML is not necessarily the
only form of serialization and not in all cases will spaces in the ID
cause a problem for the reference, so I'd be reluctant to try to treat
such things purely as an error during validation. If you use the
XMLTypePackage's ID type, then the constraint that it must be a well
formed XML Schema ID will be enforced.
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
Ok, thanks for that hint. Your advice on the ID feature is very useful.
<br>
<br>
By the way, it would be cool, if one of the tutorial shows how to
introduce new DataTypes, restrict their value range (for instance using
regexp) and then use them in the model.
<br>
</blockquote>
You mean without reference to XML Schema's way of doing this? It's
hard to keep up with all the work without nice tutorials that perhaps
could be contributed by the community as easily as by us...<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
Do conflicts with the DataType be reported by the validation framework?
<br>
</blockquote>
Yes, all simple type constraints (facets constraints) are reported.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
This leads me to another question: with the validation of values, it
would be possible to validate the result of applying a setter, and if
as a result there is a validation error, the value would be rejected.
Does
<br>
it make sense if I add a feature request like this?
<br>
</blockquote>
There is support for live validation in the extended validation
framework and in the transaction framework there is support for
rollback if constraints aren't satisfied. Doing this immediately at
all times (such as when deserializing) doesn't seem so good. <br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">Would we not need an EDataType that wraps
String and disalows spaces, and then only string-attributes with this
EDataType can be implemented as XML attributes, the others need an
element?
<br>
</blockquote>
That's one way yes, and the XMLTypePackage has such a type. But if
your client wants to use a field who's values can contain spaces and
still wants to use those to create IDREFS then the approach of encode
and decode would work quite nicely.
<br>
</blockquote>
I understand. We will program this and donate it back. Maybe you could
then consider using this datatype rather than String, if ID=true is
set?
<br>
</blockquote>
I'll always use the data type of the feature itself for doing the
conversion, but having a useful EDataType in Ecore that folks could use
seems reasonable.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">- an int-ID attribute which is unset
(but which displays as 0 in the editor...) create not a reference to 0,
but the usual positional reference.
<br>
</blockquote>
Well, int's aren't valid XML Schema IDs either. Again, they are
tolerated. In any case, when an ID isn't set, it won't be used, so be
sure to set them.
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
Hmmm.
<br>
</blockquote>
The rules for ID are the same as NCName, i.e., if you can't use it as
an element name you can't use it as an ID.
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
I understand. Would not everything be much more stable if you have a
bullet proof String <-> NCName conversion, and you apply this
conversion both for element names and for String-values of features
with ID=true?
<br>
</blockquote>
You always get into the kinds of issues of double encoding since there
will always be some special "normal" character used to escape an
encoding that then can't be used in it's unencoded form.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">- ID attributes which are many do crash
too.
<br>
</blockquote>
I'm not sure what such a thing would mean...
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
Just that the unique ID of your class is a list of strings or integers.
<br>
</blockquote>
Yes, more of a composed thing yet again. The problem is representing
such thing as a string, which you'd normally do with a space separated
list, but of course that's not going to work nicely.
<br>
</blockquote>
It will work for numbers, booleans and chars, but not for strings. Thus
for strings a list of separate XML-elements would be better.
<br>
</blockquote>
Oddly enough, XML Schema does let you have list of string and doesn't
really care that when you read it back in you might have more strings
than when you wrote it out...<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
As I noted in other posts, I think its a fundamental advantage of EMF
to
<br>
treat things as having a type and an arity. This is more the MOF
abstraction level, while having just a type is more Java.
<br>
</blockquote>
In XML Schema, a list of ID is no longer an ID...<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
It would be cool if this advantage would carry over to ID's too.
<br>
</blockquote>
It's often the case that making things more general makes them more
complex and more generally expensive to process, so I'd rather stick to
what's simple as long as there are ways for folks to do more complex
things if they like, e.g., a derived ID feature that's derived from a
many-valued feature is sufficient.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">Agree, you explained this before. But this
does not mean we cannot have
<br>
several ID features. Their combination makes the ID.
<br>
</blockquote>
XML Schema doesn't allow that an I'm not keen on introducing such
additional complexity. You'll have to define a derived feature and
compose the value in whatever way is appropriate for the data types
involved.
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
I agree. But the framework could easily introduce such a feature, and
then use this for the references. Like this the String<->NCName
conversion could be done on this derived feature only. Maybe we need
<br>
to have our own annotation for primary (and maybe as well foreign)
keys.
<br>
</blockquote>
I don't see a compelling use case. Generally "normal" features will
not induce an ID that's unique within the containing resource. I think
you're making a big assumption to say that a primary key in a database
table is equivalent to an ID.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">The main purpose of the ID
<br>
feature in my opinion is to create clean unique business keys. Such
<br>
keys are typically composed from several fields, not only one.
<br>
</blockquote>
Yes and you can define a derived ID that's computed by composing other
values. But in XML Schema as well, you'll find it only allows you to
defined one attribute of type ID. That's the design we are mirroring.
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
I see, thus ID is an XML Schema ID, and not a primary key.
<br>
</blockquote>
I'm not so database literate.
<br>
</blockquote>
I wasn't until the market exposed me to DataWarehouse projects. It
seems there is a huge universe of opportunities for EMF there. Immagine
for instance, that the DataType feature of EMF could be reused for
data-managament initiatives in large institutions.
<br>
</blockquote>
I keep telling people that the opportunities for modeling are pervasive
and massively overlooked. It's really a much better XML so at some
point the obsession with XML will wear off and folks will look a little
farther...<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<blockquote type="cite"> I understand that a primary key is one or
more columns in a table that uniquely identify a row in the table. </blockquote>
Exactly. In contrast to this, objects of a OO class have their own
<br>
identity, thus there can be two objects with the same feature-values,
<br>
but never two entries in such a table
<br>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite"> Thus different tables could have the same
primary key, if such a statement makes sense since columns are not
shared across tables. In that sense, the name of the table along with
the primary key within the tabl does act very much like a unique ID
within the database.
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
Agree completly.
<br>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">Would it not make much more sense to use
the ID feature to define primary keys, and then if they do not follow
all the restrictions of XML, they are just not declared as XML ID??
<br>
</blockquote>
Primary key is a database concept. I'm not sure what you are
proposing. </blockquote>
It's rather an Information Modeling concept, which is enforced by
relational databases, and one of the few differences between a UML
class model, and a conceptual data model. As well, it can be though of
as a
<br>
standard constraint telling that for all instances, there are not
<br>
two instances with the same primary key.
<br>
</blockquote>
The problem is that you might have name be a primary key and you might
find another type of object also has a primary key whose string value
is the same. I terms of uniquely identifying the object via just the
string and no additional information, this doesn't work well.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
A model with this information is just richer than one where I do not
know this. In the financial industry must applications are CRUD
applications. Most of the inteligence is in the data-model. And primary
<br>
keys are an important part of that models. I'd like to see EMF being
usable as a replacement for conceptual data models.
<br>
</blockquote>
I think the concepts have to match exactly and they don't.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<blockquote type="cite">The use of IDs in EMF is very much like that
in XML. I.e., the value of the ID must uniquely define the object
within the resource. I.e., if EcoreUtil.getID(x) != null and
x.eResource() != null then x.eResource().getEObject(EcoreUtil.getID(x))
== x.
<br>
</blockquote>
I understand. It's very clear now, thanks a lot.
<br>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">I attach an example project, where all
that I told can be repeated. Its
<br>
standard EMF usage, EMF 2.4, Eclipse 3.4M4. I attach as well a
screenshot
<br>
of the model.
<br>
</blockquote>
The only one that I'd consider defining a constraint for is a
multi-valued ID. I don't think that make sense.
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
I think the question is, whether ID means an XML Schema ID (thus
something platform specific), or whether it means the concept of id,
like a primary key.
<br>
</blockquote>
The above statement is the intended meaning. I.e., the value of the ID
attribute, converted to a string as defined by the data type of that
feature must uniquely identify the object within it's containing
resource.
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
What you define is exactly the concept of a primary key. At the moment,
<br>
the conversion into a String for this id is not done by EMF
automatically in a way that is conforming with NCName, and I cannot
have
<br>
combined and multi-valued ID's.
<br>
</blockquote>
I don't believe it is exactly the same concept. A resource containing
different types of object could still find that two different types of
objects have primary key values that happen to be the same which of
course has no significance from a database point of view, but does from
the point of view of building a map from strings to objects. Note that
string conversion is based on the normal conversion done for the data
type. E.g., you could have a the ID be byte[] and use base64Binary as
a data type.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
All I try to understand is whether we need to solve these problems on
<br>
our own, or whether we can hope to push EMF towards supporting ID's in
<br>
a most generic way, similar or superior to the way conceptual data
models do this.
<br>
</blockquote>
At this point, I don't see the concepts as being the same, so we'd need
to get beyond that point...<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
By the way, in information modeling it works like this:
<br>
<br>
In the conceptual model, you define an entity/table/class (I use class
for the reminder) X with attributes/columns/references (I use reference
for the reminder) a, b, c. You mark a and b to bee the primary keys.
<br>
</blockquote>
This is much more closely related to EReference.eKeys where you
consider a table to be special EClass that contains all possible
instances of the associated item type.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
Then in a second class Y, you create a reference to X with name x.
<br>
<br>
This conceptual model corresponds to ECore, in my opinion.
<br>
<br>
Now, you generate from the conceptual model a physical model. In this
model, the reference from Y to X is implemented with two attributes in
Y. Since the reference was called x, these attributes need a combined
name made of x and the two primary keys a, b. Thus there will be two
<br>
attributes in Y, one called xA and one called xB. Their type is the
type of attributes a and b of X.
<br>
</blockquote>
I'll keep pointing back at the fact that different types of object can
accidentally have the same string value as their derived ID...<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
If the pattern for the physical model would be used in EMF too, this
would be huge. It would accelerate the speed in which we can move DB
<br>
projects over to EMF.
<br>
</blockquote>
The whole DB/relational to object mapping is a big problem that's not
so easily solved because of all kinds of additional complexities with
inheritance being an important example of that.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
By the way2: Thus this not already work by introducing features x, xA,
<br>
and xB in Y, making a derived feature primaryKey in X, which combines a
and b to a NCName? I would make primaryKey, and x transient, so only
<br>
xA, xB, a, and b appear in the XML. And then I would derive primaryKey
<br>
from a,b, and x would derive from the values of xA and xB.
<br>
</blockquote>
You could certainly annotate features directly as DB-like keys and then
specialize the resource implementation's getURIFragment to compute an
ID-like value based on that (and of course specialized getEObject to do
the inverse). All that could then be done reflectively and wouldn't
actually require anything basic changes to Ecore...<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
It would be nice if I could as well make xA and xB volatile, and having
just one instance variable x holding the primaryKey.
<br>
<br>
The reason I insist is, that I feel we are just very near to make EMF
<br>
useful in the data modeling and data management space. This is a huge
<br>
area, much larger than the OO space.
<br>
</blockquote>
I can imagine doing all this without any modifications to Ecore. Teneo
and CDO are both doing similar types of things in this space...<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">In the first case, all you tell me is true
and understandable. But, you have an option, which is platform specific
in the .ecore
<br>
<br>
The eKeys() for
<br>
instance is not platform specific, its conceptually clear, it gives the
keys for a reference, and only all the objects reached by this
reference
<br>
must have unique keys. It corresponds somehow to a map.
<br>
</blockquote>
It's also very similar to a database table if you consider each
reference to be like a table. An in fact, if the referenced type is
stored in a table, then all references to that type can use the same
eKeys because not only are they unique with respect to that reference
but they are unique for all instances of the type.
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
I agree. In addition, the eKeys() feature somehow tells, that I store
<br>
values of these features, to reference objects.
<br>
<br>
If the feature is multi-valued, this means, selecting an object in this
reference, will return all objects with those values of these features.
Thus it is very different to the OO view.
<br>
<br>
If the feature is not multi-valued, the eKeys() should be the same as
the primary key.
<br>
</blockquote>
A primary key is something intrinsic to the type itself whereas keys
are much more like the XML Schema concept and represent a constraint
about where it's used.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
I would personally restrict the meaning of eKeys() to containment
features.
<br>
</blockquote>
It's generally just a constraint and there's no reason this constraint
couldn't apply to any type of reference.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">Your ID feature on the otherhand, although
it seems to be a clear concept (primary key), it is just a way how to
tweak the XML serialization. As it is now, it could as well go into an
annotation, like the numerous XSD annotations that already exist.
<br>
</blockquote>
No, I don't really see it that way. Certainly the XML concepts are the
analog, but from a purely Ecore perspective, it's only about uniquely
identifying the object within its containing resource. The same
concept could be used to serialize in a form other than XML.
<br>
</blockquote>
Ok, I agree.
<br>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">Are you strictly against making the
features with ID=true to a real
<br>
primary key?
<br>
</blockquote>
Yes, though mostly that's because I don't really understand what you
are proposing. I see database concepts as quite different. Databases
have the luxury to taking what I call a closed universe model. I.e.,
they have bounds on all possible data that exists. EMF is more like
REST where the universe of all data instances is effectively
unbounded...
<br>
</blockquote>
But within a resource, or within containment, you hava a closed
universe
<br>
too. Thus resource+primaryKey would fit well EMF.
<br>
</blockquote>
You have to ask yourself though why MOF and UML haven't done this.
It's very hard to assert in an open universe data model that something
is absolutely unique. Even with UUIDs, you might make a copy of a
resource and end up with two objects that have the same UUID...<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">Having the option to define primary keys
would be a great benefit for all frameworks connecting with a DB and
for the integration with DTP.
<br>
</blockquote>
I don't understand what the implication is though. It seems to me that
the combination of table name and the primary key values would act as
an ID and hence already provides what's needed.
<br>
</blockquote>
I agree. As you see in my example above, it seems we get everything
with
<br>
a few derived and transient features.
<br>
</blockquote>
I could imagine defining an annotation on a volatile feature that, in
combination with a specialized template would generate the code needed
to compute an ID in whatever way would be useful...<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite"><br>
<blockquote type="cite">If course I haven't thrown the whole issue of
intrinsic and extrinsic IDs at you. So far all this stuff has been
about intrinsic IDs which are stored as data on the instances.
Resources can also maintain extrinsic IDs that are maintained as a
separate two-way map by the resource. That's another approach that
could be used (and is how xmi:id is supported).
<br>
</blockquote>
Can you give me a pointer to a modesl with such a seperate two-way map?
<br>
I would be interested to learn about this.
<br>
</blockquote>
UML2's resources always make use of this.<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:flqk81$n7c$1@build.eclipse.org" type="cite">Best,
Philipp
<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite"><br>
Best, Philipp
<br>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite"><br>
Best, Philipp
<br>
<br>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<br>
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--------------060603060407030806080403--
Ed Merks
Professional Support: https://www.macromodeling.com/
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