Installing Che on AWS

This article describes how to deploy Eclipse Che on the Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud.

Preparing the AWS system for installing Che

The following sections describe how to set up Kubernetes for Eclipse Che on Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2).

Prerequisites

A running instance of Kubernetes, version 1.9 or higher, and Ingress.
The kubectl tool installed.
The chectl tool installed.

Installing Kubernetes on Amazon EC2

Set up the AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI). For detailed installation instructions, see Installing the AWS CLI.
Check the PATH environment variable if the aws tool is not available.
Install Kubernetes on EC2. There are several ways to have a running Kubernetes instance on EC2. Here, the kops tool is used to install Kubernetes. For details, see Installing Kubernetes with kops.

This document assumes that Eclipse Che must be configured to run at Che AWS Cloud.

Setting up DNS

One way to set up Domain Name System (DNS) is to create the Amazon Route53 to manage the aws.my-ide.cloud domain.

To set up DNS:

Create the zone on AWS:

$ aws route53 create-hosted-zone --name aws.my-ide.cloud --caller-reference 1

\{
 "Location": "https://route53.amazonaws.com/2013-04-01/hostedzone/<ZONE-ID>",
 "HostedZone": \{
 "Id": "/hostedzone/<ZONE-ID>",
 "Name": "aws.my-ide.cloud.",
 "CallerReference": "1",
 "Config": \{
 "PrivateZone": false
 },
 "ResourceRecordSetCount": 2
 },
 "ChangeInfo": \{
 "Id": "/change/C1ZNLBU45DJUJL",
 "Status": "PENDING",
 "SubmittedAt": "2019-07-08T08:14:39.772Z"
 },
 "DelegationSet": \{
 "NameServers": [
 "ns-1693.awsdns-19.co.uk",
 "ns-1133.awsdns-13.org",
 "ns-150.awsdns-18.com",
 "ns-965.awsdns-56.net"
 ]
 }
}

Configure the four DNS nameservers on the my-ide.cloud DNS. Note that when a custom DNS provider, updating the record takes a few hours.

Create the Simple Storage Service (s3) storage to store the kops configuration.

$ aws s3 mb s3://clusters.aws.my-ide.cloud
make_bucket: clusters.aws.my-ide.cloud

Inform kops of this new service:

$ export KOPS_STATE_STORE=s3://clusters.aws.my-ide.cloud

Create the kops cluster by providing the cluster zone. For example, for Europe, the zone is eu-west-1c.
```
$ kops create cluster --zones=eu-west-1c eu.aws.my-ide.cloud
```

Create the cluster:

$ kops update cluster eu.aws.my-ide.cloud --yes

After the cluster is ready, validate it:

$ kops validate cluster

Using cluster from kubectl context: eu.aws.my-ide.cloud

Validating cluster eu.aws.my-ide.cloud

INSTANCE GROUPS
NAME                ROLE    MACHINETYPE  MIN  MAX  SUBNETS
master-eu-west-1c   Master  m3.medium    1    1    eu-west-1c
nodes               Node    t2.medium    2    2    eu-west-1c

NODE STATUS
NAME                                         ROLE    READY
ip-172-20-38-26.eu-west-1.compute.internal   node    True
ip-172-20-43-198.eu-west-1.compute.internal  node    True
ip-172-20-60-129.eu-west-1.compute.internal  master  True

Your cluster eu.aws.my-ide.cloud is ready

Check the cluster using the kubectl command. The kubectl context is also configured automatically by the kops tool:

$ kubectl config current-context
eu.aws.my-ide.cloud

$ kubectl get pods --all-namespaces

All the pods in the running state are displayed.

Installing Ingress-nginx

To install Ingress-nginx:

Install the default configuration.

$ kubectl apply \
  -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/master/deploy/static/mandatory.yaml

Install the configuration for AWS.

$ kubectl apply \
  -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/master/deploy/static/provider/aws/service-l4.yaml
$ kubectl apply \
  -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/master/deploy/static/provider/aws/patch-configmap-l4.yaml

The following output confirms that the Ingress controller is running.

$ kubectl get pods --namespace ingress-nginx
NAME                                        READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-ingress-controller-76c86d76c4-gswmg   1/1     Running   0          9m3s

Find the external IP of ingress-nginx.

$ kubectl get services --namespace ingress-nginx -o jsonpath='{.items[].status.loadBalancer.ingress[0].hostname}'
Ade9c9f48b2cd11e9a28c0611bc28f24-1591254057.eu-west-1.elb.amazonaws.com

Troubleshooting: If the output is empty, it implies that the cluster has configuration issues. Use the following command to find the cause of the issue:

$ kubectl describe service -n ingress-nginx ingress-nginx

Output similar to the following means a needed role must be created manually:

arn:aws:sts::269287474311:assumed-role...4bff is not authorized to perform: iam:CreateServiceLinkedRole on resource: arn:aws:iam::269287474311:role/aws-service-role/elasticloadbalancing.amazonaws.com/AWSServiceRoleForElasticLoadBalancing

Run the following command to create the role:

$ aws iam create-service-linked-role --aws-service-name "elasticloadbalancing.amazonaws.com"

Add hosts on route 53 with this given host name https://console.aws.amazon.com/route53/home?region=eu-west-1#hosted-zones:. Ensure that you include the colon (:) at the end of this URL.
Create the wildcard DNS (for .aws-my-ide.cloud) with the previous host name and ensure to add the dot (.) at the end of the host name. In the Type drop-down list, select CNAME.

The following is an example of the resulting window after adding all the values.

The che.aws.my-ide.cloud address must resolve to an IP address.
```
$ host che.aws.my-ide.cloud
che.aws.my-ide.cloud is an alias for ade9c9f48b2cd11e9a28c0611bc28f24-1591254057.eu-west-1.elb.amazonaws.com.
ade9c9f48b2cd11e9a28c0611bc28f24-1591254057.eu-west-1.elb.amazonaws.com has address 54.77.155.195
```

It is now possible to install Eclipse Che on this existing Kubernetes instance.

Enabling the TLS and DNS challenge

To use the Cloud DNS and TLS, some service accounts must be enabled to have cert-manager managing the DNS challenge for the Let’s Encrypt service.

Create a new permission file.

Use the following command to obtain the zone ID:

$ aws route53 list-hosted-zones
{
    "HostedZones": [
        {
            "Id": "/hostedzone/ABCDEFGH",
            "Name": "aws.my-ide.cloud.",
            "CallerReference": "1",
            "Config": {
                "PrivateZone": false
            },
            "ResourceRecordSetCount": 5
        }
    ]
}

Copy the following content and replace INSERT_ZONE_ID with the route53 zone ID:

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "route53:GetChange",
                "route53:ListHostedZonesByName"
            ],
            "Resource": [
                "*"
            ]
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "route53:ChangeResourceRecordSets"
            ],
            "Resource": [
                "arn:aws:route53:::hostedzone/<INSERT_ZONE_ID>"
            ]
        }
    ]
}

In the EC2 Dashboard, identify the IAM role used by the master node.

It is located under the Description tab, in the IAM role field.
Click the IAM role link (masters.eu.aws.my-ide.cloud, in this case).
Click the Add inline policy link at the bottom of the window.
In the Create policy window, on the JSON tab, paste the content of the JSON file created earlier and click the Review policy button.
In the Name field, type eclipse-che-route53 and click Create Policy.

Installing cert-manager

To install cert-manager, run the following commands (for details, see Installing Cert on Kubernetes):

$ kubectl create namespace cert-manager
namespace/cert-manager created
$ kubectl label namespace cert-manager certmanager.k8s.io/disable-validation=true
namespace/cert-manager labeled

Set validate=false. If set to true, it will only work with the latest Kubernetes:

$ kubectl apply \
  -f https://github.com/jetstack/cert-manager/releases/download/v0.15.0/cert-manager.yaml \
  --validate=false

Create the Che namespace if it does not already exist:
```
$ kubectl create namespace che
namespace/che created
```

Create the cert-manager user:

$ aws iam create-user --user-name cert-manager
{
    "User": {
        "Path": "/",
        "UserName": "cert-manager",
        "userId": "ABCDEF",
        "Arn": "arn:aws:iam::1234:user/cert-manager",
        "CreateDate": "2019-07-30T13:50:48Z"
    }
}

Create the access key:

$ aws iam create-access-key --user-name cert-manager
{
    "AccessKey": {
        "UserName": "cert-manager",
        "AccessKeyId": "ABCDEF",
        "Status": "Active",
        "SecretAccessKey": "mySecret",
        "CreateDate": "2019-07-30T13:52:59Z"
    }
}

Remember the access key for later use.

Create a secret from the SecretAccessKey content.

$ kubectl create secret generic aws-cert-manager-access-key \
  --from-literal=CLIENT_SECRET=<REPLACE WITH SecretAccessKey content> -n cert-manager

Use the Add inline policy link to add the inline policy to AWS Cert-Manager.

Paste the following inline policy in the JSON tab:

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": "route53:GetChange",
            "Resource": "arn:aws:route53:::change/*"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": "route53:ChangeResourceRecordSets",
            "Resource": "arn:aws:route53:::hostedzone/*"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": "route53:ListHostedZonesByName",
            "Resource": "*"
        }
    ]
}

Click Review policy.
In the Name field, type route53, and click Create policy.

To create the certificate issuer, change the email address and specify the accessKeyID:

$ cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: certmanager.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: ClusterIssuer
metadata:
  name: che-certificate-issuer
spec:
  acme:
    dns01:
      providers:
      - route53:
          region: eu-west-1
          accessKeyID: <USE ACCESS_KEY_ID_CREATED_BEFORE>
          secretAccessKeySecretRef:
            name: aws-cert-manager-access-key
            key: CLIENT_SECRET
        name: route53
    email: florent@example.com
    privateKeySecretRef:
      name: letsencrypt
    server: https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory
EOF

Add the certificate by editing the domain name value (aws.my-ide.cloud, in this case) and the dnsName value:

$ cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: certmanager.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: Certificate
metadata:
 name: che-tls
 namespace: __<{prod-namespace}>__
spec:
 secretName: che-tls
 issuerRef:
   name: che-certificate-issuer
   kind: ClusterIssuer
 dnsNames:
   - '*.aws.my-ide.cloud'
 acme:
   config:
     - dns01:
         provider: route53
       domains:
         - '*.aws.my-ide.cloud'
EOF

Check if the issuerRef name is the same as the ClusterIssuer. A new DNS challenge is being added to the DNS zone for Let’s encrypt.

The cert-manager logs contain information about the DNS challenge.

Obtain the name of the Pods:

$ kubectl get pods --namespace cert-manager
NAME                                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
cert-manager-6587688cb8-wj68p              1/1     Running   0          6h
cert-manager-cainjector-76d56f7f55-zsqjp   1/1     Running   0          6h
cert-manager-webhook-7485dd47b6-88m6l      1/1     Running   0          6h

Obtain the logs using the following command (here, cert-manager-8d478bb45-sdfmz is the name of the cert-manager Pod):

$ kubectl logs -f cert-manager-8d478bb45-sdfmz -n cert-manager
I0730 14:46:25.382385       1 sync.go:274] Need to create 0 challenges
I0730 14:46:25.382401       1 sync.go:319] Waiting for all challenges for order "che-tls-3365293372" to enter 'valid' state
I0730 14:46:25.382431       1 controller.go:204] cert-manager/controller/orders "level"=0 "msg"="finished processing work item" "key"="che/che-tls-3365293372"
I0730 14:46:25.382813       1 controller.go:219] cert-manager/controller/challenges "level"=0 "msg"="finished processing work item" "key"="che/che-tls-3365293372-0"
I0730 14:46:25.382843       1 controller.go:213] cert-manager/controller/challenges "level"=0 "msg"="syncing resource" "key"="che/che-tls-3365293372-0"
I0730 14:46:25.383037       1 dns.go:101] Presenting DNS01 challenge for domain "aws.my-ide.cloud"
I0730 14:47:03.061546       1 dns.go:112] Checking DNS propagation for "aws.my-ide.cloud" using name servers: [100.64.0.10:53]
I0730 14:47:03.220952       1 dns.go:124] Waiting DNS record TTL (60s) to allow propagation of DNS record for domain "_acme-challenge.aws.my-ide.cloud.”

Ensure that the certificate is ready:

$ kubectl describe certificate/che-tls -n che
Status:
  Conditions:
    Last Transition Time:  2019-07-30T14:46:23Z
    Message:               Certificate issuance in progress. Temporary certificate issued.
    Reason:                TemporaryCertificate
    Status:                False
    Type:                  Ready
Events:
  Type    Reason        Age   From          Message
  ----    ------        ----  ----          -------
  Normal  OrderCreated  50s   cert-manager  Created Order resource "che-tls-3365293372"

Wait for the status to become OK and ensure that the log contains the following entry:

I0729 13:56:26.140886       1 conditions.go:143] Found status change for Certificate "che-tls" condition "Ready": "False" -> "True"; setting lastTransitionTime to 2019-07-29 13:56:26.140866531 +0000 UTC m=+4557.134131468

Ensure that the status is up-to-date using the following command:

$ kubectl describe certificate/che-tls -n che

Status:
  Conditions:
    Last Transition Time:  2019-07-30T14:48:07Z
    Message:               Certificate is up to date and has not expired
    Reason:                Ready
    Status:                True
    Type:                  Ready
  Not After:               2019-10-28T13:48:05Z
Events:
  Type    Reason         Age    From          Message
  ----    ------         ----   ----          -------
  Normal  OrderCreated   5m29s  cert-manager  Created Order resource "che-tls-3365293372"
  Normal  OrderComplete  3m46s  cert-manager  Order "che-tls-3365293372" completed successfully
  Normal  CertIssued     3m45s  cert-manager  Certificate issued successfully

Installing Che on Kubernetes using the chectl command

Prerequisites

The chectl management tool is available. See Using the chectl management tool.

Procedure

To install Che:

Run the following command:

$ {prod-cli} server:start --platform=k8s --installer=helm --domain=aws.my-ide.cloud --multiuser
  ✔ ✈️  Kubernetes preflight checklist
    ✔ Verify if kubectl is installed
    ✔ Verify remote kubernetes status...done.
    ✔ Verify domain is set...set to aws.my-ide.cloud.
  ✔ 🏃‍  Running Helm to install {prod-short}
    ✔ Verify if helm is installed
    ✔ Check for TLS secret prerequisites...che-tls secret found.
    ✔ Create Tiller Role Binding...it already exist.
    ✔ Create Tiller Service Account...it already exist.
    ✔ Create Tiller RBAC
    ✔ Create Tiller Service...it already exist.
    ✔ Preparing {prod-short} Helm Chart...done.
    ✔ Updating Helm Chart dependencies...done.
    ✔ Deploying {prod-short} Helm Chart...done.
  ✔ ✅  Post installation checklist
    ✔ PostgreSQL pod bootstrap
      ✔ scheduling...done.
      ✔ downloading images...done.
      ✔ starting...done.
    ✔ {identity-provider} pod bootstrap
      ✔ scheduling...done.
      ✔ downloading images...done.
      ✔ starting...done.
    ✔ {prod-short} pod bootstrap
      ✔ scheduling...done.
      ✔ downloading images...done.
      ✔ starting...done.
    ✔ Retrieving {prod-short} Server URL...https://che-che.aws.my-ide.cloud
    ✔ {prod-short} status check
Command server:start has completed successfully.

The certificate generated by Let’s Encrypt is a valid certificate.